Energy Audit is the key to a systematic approach for decision-making in the area of energy management. It attempts to balance the total energy inputs with its use, and serves to identify all the energy streams in a facility. It quantifies energy usage according to its discrete functions. Industrial energy audit is an effective tool in defining and pursuing comprehensive energy management program. As per the Energy Conservation Act, 2001, Energy Audit is defined as “the verification, monitoring and analysis of use of energy including submission of technical report containing recommendations for improving energy efficiency with cost benefit analysis and an action plan to reduce energy consumption.
The type of Energy Audit to be performed depends on:
Function and type of industry
Depth to which final audit is needed
Potential and magnitude of cost reduction desired
Thus Energy Audit can be classified into the following two types:
Preliminary Audit
Detailed Audit
Preliminary energy audit is a relatively quick exercise to:
Establish energy consumption in the organization
Estimate the scope for saving
Identify the most likely (and the easiest areas for attention
Identify immediate (especially no-/low-cost) improvements/ savings
Set a ‘reference point’
Identify areas for more detailed study/measurement
Preliminary energy audit uses existing, or easily obtained data
A comprehensive audit provides a detailed energy project implementation plan for a facility, since it
evaluates all major energy using systems.
This type of audit offers the most accurate estimate of energy savings and cost. It considers the
interactive effects of all projects, accounts for the energy use of all major equipment, and includes
detailed energy cost saving calculations and project cost. In a comprehensive audit, one of the key
elements is the energy balance. This is based on an inventory of energy using systems, assumptions of
current operating conditions and calculations of energy use. This estimated use is then compared to
utility bill charges. Detailed energy auditing is carried out in three phases: Phase I, II and III.
1. Phase I - Pre Audit Phase
2. Phase II - Audit Phase
3. Phase III - Post Audit Phase
Based on energy audit and analyses of the plant, a number of potential energy saving projects may be identified. These may be classified into three categories:
Low cost – high return
Medium cost – medium return
High cost – high return
Normally the low cost – high return projects receive priority. Other projects have to be analyzed, engineered and budgeted for implementation in a phased manner. Projects relating to energy cascading and process changes almost always involve high costs coupled with high returns, and may require careful scrutiny before funds can be committed. These projects are generally complex and may require long lead times before they can be implemented.
Step 1: Opening meeting among the audit team and auditees
Step 2: Planning and organizing the energy audit
Step 3: Conduct a walk-through audit at different sites
Step 4: Macro data collection and observation
Step 5: Analysis of data collected from the Organization
Step 6: Best practices followed in the Organization towards energy savings
Step 7: Recommendations for further improvement
Step 8: Exit meeting after the audit to discuss about the audit findings
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